Counting and Cardinality Students enter Kindergarten with a broad range of experiences with numbers. Some will be able to count by rote from 1 to 100 (or a subset of that range). Others may have limited experience with counting to 10.
Operations and Algebraic Thinking Students build upon their understanding of counting to develop meaning for addition and subtraction through modeling and representing problem situations, using concrete objects, and pictorial representations.
Numbers and Operations in Base Ten The work in Kindergarten forms the foundation for students to develop an understanding of the base ten system. Special attention is focused on 10 and connections to the meaning of numbers from 11 - 19.
Measurement and Data The study of measurement at the Kindergarten level will apply directly to students' daily lives. Many children enter school already exposed to informal ideas about measurement. Experiences provided at this level will help children further develop concepts about what can be measured and how to measure it. Kindergarteners will learn to describe measurable attributes of objects, such as length, weight, and height. Students will also compare objects and verbally describe the measurable attributes with words such as how tall, how wide, how heavy, and similar descriptive terms.
Geometry The study of geometry in Kindergarten is essential as students must be able to recognize and visualize shapes in their surroundings. Kindergarteners will identify, name, and describe basic two-dimensional shapes, such as squares, triangles, circles, rectangles, and hexagons, presented in a variety of ways with different sizes and orientations as well as three-dimensional shapes, such as cubes, cones, cylinders, and spheres.
The Common Core Mathematics Companion: The Standards Decoded Grades K-2 (2015). Authors: Linda M. Gojack and Ruth Harbin Miles